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A description of the type of finish on worked stone. Stone may be fineley dressed, roughly dressed or have a variety of other finishes such as roughly hewn, rusticated, vermiculated, scabbled, hammer dressed, broached or polished.
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The bodily shape of a person, especially as a statue.
Left, the figure of a soldier on the memorial at Danesmoor.
An ornament placed at the highest point of a structure. Finials have many forms such as a spike, globe or a small figure.
Left, a finial on the gravestone commemorating Gnr T Wright at Heage.
(Also fleur-de-lys or fleur-de-lis.) A three-lobed design based on the flower of the lily and often used in heraldry and as ornamentation on memorials.
Left, a depiction of a fleur de lys.
A small carved flower or leaf ornament, Sometimes used alone but often as a repeated motif.
Left, a fleuron used to ornament the corner of a plaque (and disguise the fixing screw).
Generally, a band of painted or sculptured decoration. On some memorials the frieze is completely blank or contains an inscription.
Left, the frieze on Ashbourne's memorial bears part of the inscription.
This is a very ancient form of cross existing in this form or the mirror-image form since the middle ages. It is also known as the Buddhist, German or Nazi Cross, suavastika, swastica, tetraskelion, spinning, rotating or bent cross, the gammadion or gamma cross, or the crux gammata.
Left, the fylfot form.
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An opening in the wall surrounding a building or land, with one or more movable barriers for closing it. Many types of gates could be memorials, including lych gates at the entrance to churchyards or cemeteries, entrances to parks, simple hand gates,or purely ceremonial gates or perhaps just the ornamental arch or pillars that create the opening..
Left, the ornamental gates at the entrance to Heanor Memorial Park.
Covered or adorned with a golden colour, not necessarily gold itself.
Left, the gilded inscription on the memorial to G E Phillips at Great Longstone.
The rod, pin or triangular plate that casts the shadow on a sundial.
Left, the gnomon on this memorial at Hilton can be clearly seen.
The style of architecture prevalent from the twelfth to the 15th centuries of which the chief characteristic is the pointed arch. The term is also applied to buildings, architectural details and ornamentation employed at a later date.
In Britain, the name of the type used for printing German, as opposed to roman or italic characters.
Left, two examples of different styles of gothic lettering. Note that when a word is written wholly in upper case it becomes extremely difficult to read.
A crystalline rock consisting of quartz, feldspar and mica and usually white, light grey, pink, red or black in colour. Granite is extremely hard and durable and the coloured versions are often used in memorials.
Any form of stone placed on a grave to mark its position and usually to commemorate the person buried there. There are many specialist types of gravestone including headstone and footstone, which are generally freestanding tablets placed at the head and foot ends respectively; kerbstones placed around the perimeter of the grave and ledgers which are heavy flat tablets placed flat on the whole surface of the grave. Any of these may, or may not, bear inscriptions.
Left, this headstone is a memorial to F Allen at Nottingham Road Cemetery, Chaddesden.
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An abbreviation for hectare, a unit of land measurement comprising 10,000 square metres. The basic unit, an are, is 100 square metres but is rarely used.
See gravestone.
A form of ornamentation where a corner or edge is cut away to a concave shape.
Left, the hollowed corner of the gravestone commemorating Capt C P Nicholson at St James the Greater Churchyard, Barlborough.
Below left, The hollowed edges of the gravestone commemorating Sgt C E Barker at Wirksworth Cemetery.
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A design or inscription cut into the surface of a feature.
Left, an extract from the incised inscription for Lt J J Holmes at St Luke's Church, Heage.
Leaning backwards between the horizontal and the vertical.
Left, an inclined tablet associated with the memorial to LCpl J Roberts at Nottingham Road Cemetery, Chaddesden.
A form of decoration, particularly an inscription, formed from metallic letters applied to the surface of the feature. The letters could be set into grooves cut into the surface or, more usually, with pegs on their rear surface set into holes drilled into the surface.
Left, an extract from the inlaid inscription on the memorial to K G Morton at Nottingham Road Cemetery, Chaddesden.
A style of lettering characterised by broad upright lines and thin horizontal lines, the whole letters being inclined slightly to the vertical. Italic lettering is designed to be inclined in its own right, and is not to be confused with any other style of lettering that can be made to slope by computer applications.
Left, examples of two styles of italic lettering.
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The main side posts of a window, door or similar opening.
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